Bhutan

Bhutan, officially known as the Kingdom of Bhutan, is a landlocked country located in the Eastern Himalayas in South Asia. It shares borders with China to the north and India to the south, east, and west. Bhutan is known for its commitment to preserving its unique culture, environment, and happiness of its people. Bhutan has a population of around 750,000 people and spans an area of approximately 38,394 square kilometers (14,824 square miles). The capital and largest city of Bhutan is Thimphu.

One of the distinctive aspects of Bhutan is its commitment to Gross National Happiness (GNH), which is a guiding principle of governance. GNH emphasizes sustainable development, cultural preservation, environmental conservation, and the overall well-being and happiness of its citizens, rather than solely focusing on economic indicators. Bhutan is renowned for its stunning landscapes, characterized by towering mountains, deep valleys, and dense forests. The country is home to several impressive peaks, including Gangkhar Puensum, which is the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. The diverse topography provides opportunities for activities such as trekking, mountain biking, and wildlife exploration.

The culture of Bhutan is deeply rooted in Buddhism, and the country has preserved its traditional practices and values. Monasteries, temples, and dzongs (fortresses) are integral parts of Bhutanese architecture and serve as important religious and administrative centers. Bhutanese people celebrate vibrant festivals, known as “tsechus,” which are characterized by colorful costumes, masked dances, and religious rituals. Tourism in Bhutan is regulated through a “High Value, Low Volume” policy. Visitors are required to pay a minimum daily tariff and travel through authorized tour operators. This approach is aimed at promoting sustainable tourism while preserving the country’s cultural and environmental heritage. Bhutan has made significant strides in education, healthcare, and infrastructure development in recent years. The country has transitioned to a democratic constitutional monarchy, with King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck as the current monarch.

It’s worth noting that while Bhutan has made progress in various aspects, challenges such as economic development, unemployment, and maintaining cultural traditions in the face of modernization exist. The government continues to work towards achieving a balanced approach to development that upholds the principles of Gross National Happiness.